One of the most anticipated moments for parents, no doubt, is to watch your baby start talking. But of course, this requires patience, after all, you can't “speed up the steps”: you need to respect the child's development.
Nathália Sarkis, a pediatrician at the Santa Lucia Hospital, in Brasília / DF, and a member of the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics, comments that the acquisition and development of language in children are part of a set of skills developed in the early years of life. Thus, with the exception of some health problems, children usually start producing the first words at 12 months and at 18 months are able to pronounce at least 6 words. At 2 years, they produce sentences composed of 2 words and, at 3 years, more complex sentences ?, he explains.
Bruna Brainer, speech therapist at Paraouvir Hearing Aids Clinic, in Brasília / DF, reinforces that the child, in the first year of life, already has the ability to emit babblings with and without meaning. • Your baby will gradually learn to use words to describe what he lives, hears, feels, and thinks as the leaps in mental, emotional, and behavioral development are completed. Researchers now know that long before a baby mutters his first word, he learns the rules of language and realizes how adults use it to communicate. With one to two years, he will begin to form sentences with two or three words ?, comments.
Although it is part of the child's natural development, for her to continue developing her speech skills, she needs to be encouraged. And it can (and should) be done in different ways. Below you can see what are the main guidelines of the experts.
1. Talk to the baby still in the womb
Bruna explains that conversations between mother and baby begin to take place from the womb. "From the 24th gestational week, the baby is able to hear / feel the heartbeat and voice of the mother," he says.
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2. Talk to the baby on a daily basis
Bruna points out that postnatal conversations give the baby the learning environment, such as: "the possibility of imitation, the visual analysis that babies make of point (where we position the articulators" like lip and tongue "and the way we speak (with or without vocal fold vibration). This shift shift between talking and then talking baby is also a sign of learning in the face of stimulation. Simple conversations of baby care can enrich and determine the development of this child ?, he says.
3. Name actions
Nathália stresses that the conversation with the baby must be active and constant. The caregiver should verbally express the actions in which the infant is inserted. For example, when feeding, describe to the child what he is eating and what utensils he is doing ?, he says.
Phrases like, "What a delight to take this bath, huh?" Now you're lying down to sleep? They are also examples. "Naming the child's everyday things will give her access to the vocabulary that, in the long run, will enable the formation of increasingly complex, well-pronounced and complete sentences," says Bruna.
4. Associate words with fast movements
Speech therapist Bruna explains that the first part of language development will be through the repetition of words. ? And the former are usually associated with other motor skills, such as saying? Yes? and not? with head movement, for example?
So it's worth betting on everyday: whenever you say no, shake your head no; and whenever you say yes, move it up and down in a positive sign.
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5. Name objects, body parts and everything
Bruna points out that the stimulus to reinforce speech is in daily activities. A play, diaper change or meaningful bath can be rich in possibilities between the family and the baby. For example: "let's wash your FOOT!", And show the child where the foot is? This causes the child to associate the word? Foot? and the part of your body? exemplifies.
Therefore, naming objects, body parts, imitating animal sounds are fundamental stimuli in speech development. Some research shows that children with whom parents talked a lot in early childhood have a higher IQ? Comments the speech therapist.
Nathália stresses that parents and / or caregivers need to actively dialogue with the child in a context, describing what they are doing. ? How, for example, say? Will mom fetch the book / toy? and immediately after the speech, point the object, handing it to the child ?, he says.
"Every time we verbalize the actions that are being performed in conjunction with children, or when we associate names with objects, we contribute to the acquisition of new words and the development of language," says the pediatrician.
6. Varying voice tones when talking
The tone of voice caregivers talk to the baby also makes the difference. • Parents and / or caregivers should be aware of voice intonation when talking to babies. Through the voice, babies learn to express themselves properly, can identify feelings and decode emotions ?, highlights Nathália.
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Bruna stresses that emotions are intrinsic to the tone of the voice. • Feelings, such as joy, anger or sadness, are easily perceived by the child and if this feeling does not generate comfort, it will not be well received. The way a person talks to a baby brings the feeling of affection, but as the child matures, it is necessary to adapt the way of speaking ?, he says.
7. Sing for the baby
Singing is very positive in language and speech development. This action provides access to the rhythm, vocabulary and intonation, which are part of the process of language acquisition. In addition, children's songs are full of meaning: nominations, movements, repetitions and contagious rhythm that is able to access other brain pathways, thus improving the fixation of this content ?, highlights the speech therapist Bruna.
Nathália also explains that singing for the baby or with the baby stimulates his attention and memory, develops language and also other skills. "Baby songs usually have a repetitive pattern, slower tempo and simple, familiar vocabulary, providing identification and better understanding of language," says the pediatrician.
8. Read stories for the baby
For Bruna, reading is one of the richest moments that can be offered to babies. When we read to a child, we offer her the possibility of new words, correct pronunciation and access to the imagination, which will bring her a rich listening experience and, consequently, more arguments and tools for speaking. The development of memories and brain intelligences support the development of speech and bring a taste for reading ?, says.
Nathália comments that reading children's books through pictures or short texts stimulates the imagination and increases the child's vocabulary.
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? Reading promotes cognitive development, broadens vocabulary, arouses creativity and empathy, and contributes to increased bonding with parents and / or caregivers. Reading, even through images, and storytelling, when performed in a playful and enjoyable way, stimulate word discovery and language acquisition. A recent study shows that children who hear stories told by parents and / or caregivers have a higher vocabulary index at three years compared to children who did not receive this stimulus ?, adds the pediatrician.
9. Playfully
Child learns playing, it is fact! Nathália explains that pleasurable games promote the acquisition of language, the expression of various feelings, the discovery of desires and the socialization of experiences. "There are many ways to stimulate speech through play, such as mimicking the sounds the baby makes, hiding and finding, singing, etc.," he says.
Bruna points out that the first possible moments of dialogue will be exactly in the game. Every new vocabulary will be used as a basis for accessing new learning. Naming plays, theater, puppets are examples of playful activities that will aid in speech acquisition. Is every stimulus important? He says.
"Talking to the child has to be something that brings comfort and well-being, but we need to create in them the need for this action," adds the speech therapist.
10. Encourage living with other children
Interaction and socialization with other children stimulate the speech of babies. "Living together allows the imitation of sounds, the acquisition of new words and the repetition of others," says Nathália.
Bruna comments that the child who lives with others (who speak) understands in everyday life how speech facilitates. • The child must feel necessary to speak so that he really produces the will and develops the speech.Offering everything without speaking or trying to be understood, such as just pointing, generates behavior contrary to the need to speak ?, he says.
• Speaking for the child, giving complex meaning to a few sounds or poorly articulated speech, creates a comfort in the child that maintains the behavior of not speaking or speaking wrong. Should we provide an environment with correct speech models and their need to generate curiosity in learning for children ?, guides speech therapist Bruna.
11. Using synonyms
When the child is in the phase of asking questions, such as what is this? or 'what's the name of it', please give more than one answer, using synonyms whenever possible: for example, 'this is a car or a car'.
This kind of attitude makes the child gradually enrich his vocabulary.
But a very important tip is to have patience and respect the child's time? Of course, always be aware of its correct development, according to the pediatrician's guidelines.
Parents and pediatricians should be aware of language evolution in the first year of life and subsequent sentence formation in the second year. Delays or absence of language may occur and do not always have the same origin. Therefore, care for children with these characteristics should be performed by a qualified professional for an individualized diagnosis and better resolution ?, highlights the pediatrician Nathália.
Bruna stresses that the child's first year of life will be the first stage for the meaning creation of the sounds emitted by her. Thereafter, these babblings should take shape and meaning. Children with hearing problems stop babbling around six months, which may be a sign of need for assessment. At the age of five, physically, the child has all the tools to emit all the phonemes, but there is a learning order that must be respected. The developmental time of each age group should be accompanied, therefore, by the sign of delayed speech development of the child, who accompanies the child should refer for auditory and language assessment, since speech learning is directly related to the ability hearing loss of the child? That is, if she listens, she imitates, pronounces and learns ?, ends the speech therapist Bruna.
Now you know that it is possible and necessary to stimulate the baby's speech, and can this be done basically through daily conversation, music, reading and play? The important thing is also that it is done lightly, always respecting the child's time!
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