Hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism

The thyroid is a gland that is located in the front of the neck and is essential for the body. It produces two very important hormones: T3 and T4. Thyroid hormones regulate metabolism and directly interfere with the functioning of various organs and processes such as growth, menstrual cycle, reasoning, memory, heartbeat, fluid elimination, fertility, bowel function, muscle strength, sleep and weight control.

Although small, when the thyroid produces too many hormones (hyperthyroidism) or too little (hypothyroidism), problems begin. This is because hyperthyroidism speeds up body functions, while hypothyroidism slows everything down.

Without proper treatment, thyroid disorders can lead to serious complications and serious health damage. Therefore, one needs to be aware of thyroid symptoms.

Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism runs when the thyroid gland cannot produce enough hormones.

It is an autoimmune disease caused by the lack or excess of iodine in the diet that causes the gradual reduction of the gland. Tiredness, depression, changes in the menstrual cycle, weight gain, dry skin, constipation and weakness are some of the symptoms of hypothyroidism.

Hyperthyroidism

Hyperthyroidism is hereditary and is characterized by the presence of an antibody in the blood that accelerates the thyroid and stimulates the production of excess hormones. Symptoms of hyperthyroidism include insomnia, tachycardia, weight loss, irritability and lack of concentration.

Diagnosis and Treatment

Thyroid dysfunctions can be diagnosed with a simple specific blood test that evaluates the dosage of another hormone directly related to those produced by the thyroid, called TSH.

Thyroid treatment depends on the physician's assessment of each case. For hypothyroidism, the most common is hormone replacement with a synthetic substance, which acts in the body just like the natural hormone that the thyroid no longer produces. In most cases the disease does not regress and you need to go on with your drugs for life. For hyperthyroid sufferers, treatment may include medications, radioactive iodine, and surgery.

Ideally, thyroid disease should be detected as early as possible to facilitate control and ensure quality of life for those suffering from these disorders.

Hypothyroidism vs Hyperthyroidism Nursing NCLEX | Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism Difference (April 2024)